Efecto del tratamiento de la morfología oclusal con materiales para restauraciones preventivas / Effect of treating occlusal morphology with materials for preventive restorations

Introducción: las fosas y fisuras son áreas formadas por delgadas irregularidades de la capa del esmalte de la superficie oclusal. La compleja morfología en dientes posteriores es un determinante biológico asociado al desarrollo de caries. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de diversas formas de tratar la morfología oclusal en la adaptación y penetración de materiales utilizados en restauraciones preventivas. Material y métodos: diseño experimental e in vitro. Sesenta terceros molares fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: surco sin ameloplastia y con ameloplastia; además, contaban con acondicionamiento del esmalte que se subdividió en tres subgrupos: 1) sellador de fosas y fisuras, 2) adhesivo/sellador de fosas y fisuras y 3) adhesivo/ resina Flow. Resultados: los subgrupos adhesivo/sellador y adhesivo/ Flow alcanzaron mayores valores de adaptación íntima a las paredes del surco. Las diferencias fueron significativas entre los materiales (p = 0.0009). Las mayores zonas de desadaptación resultaron para el sellador sin y con ameloplastia. La penetración de los materiales fue mayor en los surcos con ameloplastia. En los surcos tratados con ameloplastia, el adhesivo/Flow reveló el mayor porcentaje de penetración y la mejor adaptación a las paredes del surco. Conclusiones: la penetración del material está positivamente correlacionada con la profundidad del surco. El sellador con y sin ameloplastia mostró pobre adaptación a las paredes del surco (AU)

Introduction: pits and fissures are areas formed by fine irregularities in the enamel layer of the occlusal surface. The complex morphology in posterior teeth are biological determinants associated with the development of caries. Objective: to evaluate the effect of various ways of treating occlusal morphology on the adaptation and penetration of materials used in preventive restorations. Material and methods: experimental design, in vitro. Sixty third molars were randomly distributed into two groups: groove without ameloplasty and with ameloplasty, with enamel conditioning with three subgroups: 1) pit and fissure sealer, 2) adhesive/pit and fissure sealer, 3) adhesive/resin flow. Results: the adhesive/sealant and adhesive/flow subgroups reached higher values of intimate adaptation to the furrow walls. The differences were significant between the materials (p = 0.0009). The largest areas of maladjustment were found for the sealant without and with ameloplasty. The penetration of the materials was greater in the grooves with ameloplasty. In the grooves treated with ameloplasty, the adhesive/flow revealed the highest percentage of penetration and the best adaptation to the walls of the groove. Conclusions: the penetration of the material is positively correlated with the depth of the furrow. The sealant with and without ameloplasty showed poor adaptation to the sulcus walls (AU)

Desenvolvimento e caracterização fisico-química de um selante resinoso com propriedades antimicrobianas associadas à incorporação do extrato do caule de Schinopsis brasiliensis (Braúna) / Development and physicochemical characterization of a resinous sealant with antimicrobial properties associated with the incorporation of Schinopsis brasiliensis (Braúna) stem extract

Introdução: os selantes resinosos possuem atividade preventiva e terapêutica da cárie dentária oclusal através da criação de uma barreira física que impede a adesão de biofilme. Não existem relatos destes materiais com propriedades antimicrobianas e, neste ensejo, a adição de princípios ativos obtidos de fitoterápicos configura como uma opção possível para resolver esta limitação. Objetivos: avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano do selante Fluroshield® enriquecido com o extrato do caule de Schinopsis brasiliensis (Braúna), bem como, a liberação do princípio ativo, grau de conversão, resistência de união imediata ao esmalte e padrão de falha dos materiais experimentais. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo experimental in vitro. As cascas da Braúna foram secas a 40 ± 1 °C e o extrato etanólico foi obtido por percolação do pó da casca da Schinopsis brasiliensis. O selante comercial Fluroshield® (Dentsply) foi enriquecido com as proporções em massa (g) [0% (Controle), 20%, 10%, 5%, 2,5% e 1,25%]. Foi realizada a avaliação da Atividade antimicrobiana, a liberação do princípio ativo foi aferida através de Ultra Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Performance (UHPLC), o grau de conversão (GC) através do Micro-Raman, a resistência de união (RU) imediata ao esmalte foi avaliada através do microcisalhamento e padrão de fratura através de análise em estereomicroscópio. Os valores finais foram submetidos aos testes de normalidade Shapiro-Wilky (p > 0,05) e Levene. Os dados paramétricos foram submetidos a análise de variância (ANOVA one-way) com pós-teste de Tukey (p <0,05) e os não paramétricos através do teste de Kruskal-Wallis com pós-teste de Dunn's através do software GraphPad Prism 8 e Microsoft Excel 2018. Resultados: materiais com maior % de extrato apresentaram menor GC, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa para RU entre os diferentes grupos, o padrão de fratura predominante foi adesiva, houve liberação do princípio ativo em meio aquoso em todos os materiais e os grupos com 20% e 10% de extrato em massa foram capazes de inibir a formação de biofilme de maneira semelhante ao controle positivo (clorexidina 0,12%). Conclusão: a adição do extrato de Schinopsis brasiliensis em concentrações entre 10% e 20% apresenta-se como uma alternativa promissora para a obtenção de propriedades antimicrobianas em selantes resinosos (AU).

Introduction: dental sealants have a preventive and therapeutic activity in the prevention and treatment of dental caries. However, there are no reports of these materials with antimicrobial properties and the addition of phytotherapy molecules would be an option to solve this limitation. Objectives: to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the Fluroshield™ sealant with the addition of the stem extract of Schinopsis brasiliensis (Braúna), as well as the potential for releasing the active ingredient, degree of conversion and immediate enamel bond strength. Methodology: this is an experimental in vitro study. Braúna barks were dried at 40 ± 1 °C and the ethanolic extract was obtained by percolation of Schinopsis brasiliensis bark powder. The commercial sealant Fluroshield™ was enriched with the proportions by mass (g) [0% (Control), 20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1.25%]. The evaluation of the Inhibition of Biofilm Formation was carried out, the release of the active principle was measured with Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC), the immediate bond strength (BS) to the dental tissue was evaluated with microshear and the degree of conversion (DC) with Micro-Raman. Final values were submitted to Shapiro-Wilky (p > 0.05) and Levene normality tests. Parametric data were submitted to analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) with Tukey's post-test (p <0.05) and nonparametric data through the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-test using the GraphPad Prism software 8 and Microsoft Excel 2018. Results: materials with a higher % of extract had a lower DC, there was no statistically significant difference for BS between the different groups, there was release of the active principle in all materials and groups with 20% and 10 % of extract by mass were able to inhibit biofilm formation similarly to the positive control (0.12% chlorhexidine). Conclusion: the addition of Schinopsis brasiliensis extract in concentrations between 10% and 20% is a promising alternative for obtaining antimicrobial properties in resin sealants (AU).

Evaluation of the dentinal tubule penetration of an endodontic bioceramic sealer after three final irrigation protocols

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the dentinal tubule penetration of an endodontic bioceramic sealer, Sealer Plus BC, after three final irrigation protocols. Methods: Thirty distobuccal roots of maxillary molars were selected. Root canal preparation was performed up to an #40.06 instrument (X1 Blue) under 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n=10), according to the final irrigation protocol: G-NaOCl (2.5% sodium hypochlorite + PUI), G-SS (0.9% saline solution + PUI) and G-H20 (Deionized water + PUI). After final irrigation protocols, all specimens were irrigated with phosphate buffer solution. Root canal obturation was performed using the single cone technique and Sealer Plus BC, stained with a specific fluorophore. Specimens were transversely sectioned and each root third was evaluated in a confocal scanning laser microscopy. Images obtained were analyzed for sealer penetration in the dentinal tubules. Results: Dentinal tubule penetration of Sealer Plus BC was not observed in any root third, regardless of the final irrigation protocol investigated. Conclusions: Sealer Plus BC dentinal tubule penetration was not observed after none of the protocols tested. Dentinal tubule penetrability of Sealer Plus BC may be related to other factors rather than the final irrigation protocol.

Efecto antibacteriano de los selladores endodónticos en los conductos radiculares / Antibacterial effect of endodontic sealers in root canals

RESUMEN Introducción: Los selladores endodónticos desempeñan un papel crucial en la obturación, dado que dichos materiales, no solo actúan en el momento de su aplicación, sino que continúan haciéndolo con posterioridad, protegiendo al periodonto apical contra los organismos microbianos presentes. Precisamente, una de las propiedades deseadas en los selladores endodónticos es que posean acción antimicrobiana, para eliminar las bacterias remanentes después de la irrigación e instrumentación. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática del efecto antibacteriano de diferentes selladores endodónticos más utilizados en odontología contra Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Métodos: Esta revisión sistemática se llevó a cabo siguiendo los lineamientos PRISMA. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed y Science Direct. Se revisaron los artículos de estudios antimicrobianos in vitro de selladores endodónticos y se excluyeron aquellos de fuente secundaria, como los de revisión de la literatura, así como artículos sobre cementos para otros usos. Desarrollo: Los cementos a base de hidróxido de calcio, resina o biocerámicos son biocompatibles y presentan algún porcentaje de actividad antimicrobiana; sin embargo, se puede apreciar que existe variabilidad en los resultados obtenidos en los estudios incluidos en la revisión, debido al uso de condiciones diferentes para la evaluación antibacteriana, excepto en los selladores endodónticos a base de silicona, los cuales tuvieron, de forma consistente, un efecto antibacterial nulo contra E. faecalis. Conclusión: De acuerdo a la bibliografía revisada, los selladores AH Plus, AH 26, TotalFill, BC Sealer y MTA Fillapex exhibieron efecto antimicrobiano, sin embargo, algunos de ellos mostraron escasa actividad contra E. faecalis(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Endodontic sealers play a crucial role in sealing, for they not only act at the moment of their application, but continue to do so later, protecting the apical periodontium against microbial organisms. One of the properties desired in endodontic sealers is precisely their antimicrobial action against bacteria remaining after irrigation and instrumentation. Objective: Carry out a systematic review about the antibacterial effect of the endodontic sealers most commonly used in dental practice against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methods: The systematic review was based on PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted in the databases PubMed and Science Direct. Papers were reviewed which dealt with in vitro antimicrobial studies about endodontic sealers, excluding secondary sources such as literature reviews and papers about cements used for other purposes. Discussion: Cements based on calcium hydroxide, resin or bioceramic are biocompatible and display some percentage of antimicrobial activity. However, variability was observed in the results obtained by the studies in the review, due to the use of different conditions for antibacterial evaluation, except for silicone-based endodontic sealers, which consistently displayed no antibacterial activity against E. faecalis. Conclusion: According to the bibliography reviewed, the sealers AH Plus, AH 26, TotalFill, BC Sealer and MTA Fillapex had an antimicrobial effect. However, some of them displayed scant activity against E. faecalis(AU)

Sellado marginal aplicando hipoclorito de sodio versus ácido fosfórico como acondicionador dental / Marginal sealing applying sodium hypochlorite versus phosphoric acid as dental conditioner

RESUMEN Introducción: La microfiltración es uno de los problemas principales de todas las obturaciones a base de resina. Muchos estudios buscan optimizar un buen sellado marginal utilizando diversos acondicionadores, como el hipoclorito de sodio, que permite que el adhesivo penetre bien, al generar desproteinización, y el ácido fosfórico que permite remover el barro dentinario, y así de esta manera formar una capa híbrida al colocar el adhesivo. Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de sellado marginal de la resina Bulk Fill aplicando gel de hipoclorito de sodio 10 por ciento comparado con el gel de ácido fosfórico al 37 por ciento en el acondicionamiento dental in vitro. Métodos: El universo fue de 72 dientes con cavidades clase I; se separaron en 4 grupos por muestra de 18 dientes cada uno; después de obturar se realizó el termociclaje a 500 ciclos entre 5 °C a 55 °C; luego se sumergieron en azul de metileno 2 por ciento, durante 12 h y 24 h a temperatura de 37 °C. Finalmente se evaluó el sellado marginal en el estereomicroscopio, según el ISO / TS 11405: 2015, con los criterios siguientes: grado 0 (sin microfiltración), grado 1 (microfiltración hasta esmalte), grado 2 (microfiltración hasta dentina) y grado 3 (microfiltración hasta piso pulpar). Resultados: El acondicionamiento con ácido fosfórico 37 por ciento a las 12 h presentó grado 0 (55,6 por ciento) y grado 1 (33,3 por ciento), y a las 24 h, grado 1 (55,6 por ciento). Con respecto al hipoclorito de sodio 10 por ciento a las 12 h, grado 0 (44.4 por ciento) y a las 24 h predominó grado 1 (55,6 por ciento). Para la contrastación de hipótesis en muestras relacionadas se obtuvo en ácido fosfórico 37 por ciento e hipoclorito de sodio al 10 por ciento a las 12 h y 24 h un p= 0,052 y p= 0,584, respectivamente. Para comparaciones entre muestras independientes a las 12 h y 24 h se obtuvo p= 0,462 y p= 0,406, respectivamente. Conclusiones: El gel de hipoclorito de sodio al 10 por ciento presenta similar eficacia en el sellado marginal respecto al gel de ácido fosfórico al 37 por ciento, al utilizarlo como acondicionador dental(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Microfiltration is one of the main problems of all resin sealings. Many studies aim to optimize marginal sealing using a variety of conditioners, such as sodium hypochlorite, which allows good penetration of the adhesive by generating deproteinization, and phosphoric acid, which allows removal of the dental smear layer, thus creating a hybrid layer when the adhesive is placed. Objective: Evaluate the marginal sealing degree of Bulk Fill resin applying 10 percent sodium hypochlorite gel versus 37 percent phosphoric acid gel in in vitro dental conditioning. Methods: The study universe was 72 teeth with class I cavities, divided into four groups of 18 teeth. Upon sealing, thermal cycling was performed at 500 cycles from 5 ºC to 55 ºC. Next the teeth were submerged in 2 percent methylene blue for 12 h and 24 h at a temperature of 37 ºC. Finally marginal sealing was evaluated in the stereo microscope according to ISO / TS 11405: 2015, using the following scale: grade 0 (no microfiltration), grade 1 (microfiltration as far as the enamel), grade 2 (microfiltration as far as the dentin), and grade 3 (microfiltration as far as the pulp floor). Results: Conditioning with 37 percent phosphoric acid was grade 0 (55.6 percent) and grade 1 (33.3 percent) at 12 h, and grade 1 (55.6 percent) at 24 h, whereas conditioning with 10 percent sodium hypochlorite was grade 0 (44.4%) at 12 h, and predominantly grade 1 (55.6 percent) at 24 h. Hypothesis contrast in related samples yielded 37 percent phosphoric acid and 10 percent sodium hypochlorite at 12 h and 24 h, p= 0.052 and p= 0.584, respectively. Comparison between independent samples at 12 h and 24 h yielded p= 0.462 and p= 0.406, respectively. Conclusions: The 10 percent sodium hypochlorite gel has similar marginal sealing effectiveness as the 37 percent phosphoric acid gel when used as dental conditioners(AU)

Selladores de Superficie en Base a Resina: Potencial de Prevenir Tinción Exógena / Resin-based Surface Sealants: Potential to Prevent Exogenous Staining

RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar el potencial de los selladores de superficie basados en resinas de evitar cambios de color de resinas compuestas de restauración ante la acción de una bebida coloreada. Para ello, se confeccionó una muestra de 40 discos de resina nanocompuesta Filtek Z350 XT (3M- ESPE) color A2D de 7x2 mm, se pulieron en forma convencional con una serie de discos de óxido de aluminio y se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en 2 grupos de 20 especímenes. Al grupo 1 se le selló toda su superficie usando el agente sellador Fortify®, al grupo 2 se le dejó sin tratar. Se sometió a todos los discos (n=40) a un proceso de termociclado luego del cual se procedió a medir su color inicial mediante el espectrofotómetro de punto Vita Easyshadeµ®. Cada grupo de discos fue inmerso en recipientes metálicos de acero inoxidable en un medio que contenía a una infusión concentrada de té negro durante 7 días a 37 ºC. Finalmente, se midió el color final a cada uno de los grupos de discos luego del periodo de inmersión. Los resultados fueron sometidos al análisis estadístico con el programa Stata 12 y el test T-Student con una significancia de p<0,05. Los resultados indicaron un significativo cambio de color de ambos grupos de discos, siendo ligeramente menor en el grupo de discos sellados, sin embargo, no existió diferencia significativa entre ellos. Como conclusión se determinó que bajo las condiciones del presente estudio el uso del agente sellante de superficie Fortify® no evitó el cambio de color de la resina nanocompuesta de restauración.

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present work was to study the potential of surface sealers based on resins to avoid color changes of resin composite restoration before the action of a colored drink. Therefore, a sample of 40 discs of nanocomposite Filtek Z350 XT (3M-ESPE) color A2D of 7x2 mm was included, these were conventionally polished with a series of aluminum oxide discs and randomly distributed in 2 groups of 20 specimens. Group 1 was sealed with its entire surface using Fortify® sealant, group 2 was left untreated. All discs (n = 40) were subjected to a thermocycling process after which their initial color was measured by the Vita Easyshadem® point spectrophotometer. Each group of discs was immersed in metallic stainless steel containers, in a concentrated infusion of black tea for 7 days at 37 °C. Finally, the final color was measured in each of the disk groups following the immersion period. Results were subjected to the statistical analysis with the Stata 12 program and the T-Student test with a significance of p <0.05. The results indicated a significant color change in both groups of discs, being slightly lower in the group of sealed discs, however, there was no significant difference between them. In conclusion it was determined that under the conditions of the present study the use of the Fortify® surface sealant did not prevent the color change of the nanocomposite restoration resin.

Histopathological Analysis of Sealant Infiltration in White Spot Enamel Lesions (WSEL) / Análisis Histopatológico de Infiltración de Sellante en Lesiones de Mancha Blanca en Esmalte (LMBE)

ABSTRACT: The use of resin sealants has shown partial infiltration of White-Spot Enamel Lesions in vitro (WSEL). The aim of the present study was to perform a morphological evaluation of natural WSEL when infiltrated using a commercially available sealant (Concise, 3M- ESPE). 20 bicuspids extracted for orthodontic reasons from patients ranging 18 to 30 years old, which had WSEL, were used in this study. The patients agreed to donate their teeth by signing a written consent. Every WSEL was assessed microscopically (Stereo Zeiss Axiscop) and then photographed (ProScope HR microscope). Prior to applying the sealant the lesion was etched using phosphoric acid at 37 % (3M-ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA.) for 30 seconds, washed for 40 seconds and then air-dried. The sealant was marked with rhodamine B (1mg/ml) and was applied according to the manufacturer directions. A specimen of approximately 100 mm was obtained for every WSEL by cutting perpendicularly through the lesion (Isomet 1000, Buehler Co.) and grinding (600 grit). The specimens were evaluated using: clear camp, polarized light, and epifluorescence microscopy. Images were taken of each specimen for every microscopic evaluation using a slide film (Kodak Ektachrome film 400 ASA). The images were digitalized by scanning at 1200 dpi resolution (Epson Filmscan 200) and then saved as JPEG and TIFF files. The sealant infiltration into The WSEL was assessed by means of analysis, processing and digital superimposing using Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Matrox Inspector 1.07. It was concluded that the sealant infiltrated the whole body zone of the lesion. The depth of penetration of sealants into White Spot Enamel Lesion plays an important role in the control of caries lesion progression.

RESUMEN: El uso de sellantes de resina ha demostrado lograr la infiltración parcial de lesiones de mancha blanca en esmalte in vitro (LMBE). El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una evaluación morfológica de la infiltración a LMBE naturales utilizando un sellante disponible comercialmente (Concise, 3M-ESPE). Se utilizaron en este estudio, 30 bicúspides extraídos por razones de ortodoncia en pacientes que tenían entre 18 a 30 años de edad, y presentaban LMBE. Los pacientes aceptaron donar sus dientes firmando un consentimiento informado. Cada LMBE se evaluó microscópicamente (Stereo Zeiss Axiscop) y luego se fotografió (microscopio ProScope HR). Antes de aplicar el sellante, la lesión se grabó usando ácido fosfórico al 37 % (3M-ESPE, St Paul, MN, EE. UU.) durante 20 segundos, luego se lavó durante 40 segundos y finalmente se secó con aire de jeringa triple. El sellante se marcó con rodamina B (1 mg / ml) y se aplicó siguiendo las instrucciones del fabricante. Se obtuvo una muestra de aproximadamente 100 mm para cada LMBE cortando perpendicularmente a través de la lesión (Isomet 1000, Buehler Co.) y trituración (grano 600). Las muestras se evaluaron usando: campo claro, luz polarizada y microscopía de epifluorescencia. Se tomaron imágenes de cada espécimen para la evaluación microscópica usando una película deslizante (Kodak Ektachrome film 400 ASA). Las imágenes se digitalizaron escaneando a una resolución de 1200 ppp (Epson Filmscan 200) y luego se guardaron como archivos JPEG y TIFF. La infiltración del sellante en las LMBE se evaluaron mediante análisis, procesamiento y superposición digital utilizando Adobe Photoshop 7.0 y Matrox Inspector 1.07. Se concluyó que el sellante infiltró toda la zona del cuerpo de la lesión. La capacidad de penetración en profundidad de los sellantes en Lesiones de Mancha Blanca del Esmalte desempeñan un rol importante en el control de la progresión de las lesiones de caries.

Efetividade de selantes de fossas e fissuras aplicados por estudantes de Odontologia na prevenção de cárie / Effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants applied by Dental students for dental caries prevention

Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade dos selantes aplicados por estudantes do curso de graduação em Odontologia da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul), Grande Florianópolis, após 6 meses da aplicação, e estimar a prevalência de cárie dos participantes. Sujeitos e método: estudo observacional descritivo com indivíduos das clínicas de Odontologia. A efetividade dos selantes oclusais foi avaliada por roteiro validado na literatura, e a prevalência de cárie, dicotomizada. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e as associações pelo teste Qui-Quadrado. Resultados: a taxa de resposta do estudo foi de 94,7% (n=18), 2/3 da amostra eram do sexo feminino (72,2% IC 95% 49,1;87,5), 60% dos pacientes recebiam 3 salários mínimos ou menos, maiores proporções de indivíduo tinham selados seus dentes há pelo menos 9 meses. Pouco menos de 2/3 da amostra receberam Fluroshield como material restaurador em seus dentes. Dentre os 57 dentes avaliados, 70,2% apresentavam retenção to-tal. Os dentes mais acometidos pela perda de retenção foram os segundos molares superiores (40%). Mais de 2/3 da amostra não apresentaram cárie (88,9% IC 95% 67,2; 96,9). O isolamento relativo foi o mais prevalente (72,2% IC 95% 49,1;87,5). Conclusão: sob a perspectiva das práticas dos estudantes de Odontologia, metade da amostra de pacientes apresentou alguma perda de retenção dos selantes, mesmo que um número maior de retenções totais e a ausência de recidiva de cárie tenham sido observados. Isso reflete a importância da relação professor-aluno no planejamento e na correta aplicação das técnicas de selamento por estudantes de Odontologia. (AU)

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants applied by undergraduate dental students of the University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul), SC, Brazil, after 6 months, and to estimate the prevalence of caries in the participants. Subjects and method: observational and descriptive study with individuals from the dental clinics. The effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants was evaluated using a script validated in the literature, and the prevalence of caries was dichotomized. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and the associations were made using the chi-square test. Results: the response rate of the study was 94.7% (n=18), 2/3 of the sample consisted of women (72.2% 95%CI 49.1, 87.5), 60% of the patients received three Brazilian minimum wages or less, and a great portion of the participants had sealed their teeth at least 9 months earlier. A little under 2/3 of the sample received Fluroshield as restorative material for their teeth. Among the 57 teeth evaluated, 70.2% presented complete retention. The teeth most affected by loss of retention were maxillary left second molars (40%). More than 2/3 of the sample did not present dental caries (88.9% 95%CI, 67.2, 96.9). Relative isolation was the most prevalent (72.2% 95%CI 49.1, 87.5). Conclusion: from the perspective of the practices of dental students, half of the sample of patients presented some loss of sealant retention, despite the greater number of complete retentions and absence of recurrent caries. This reflects the importance of the teacher-student relationship in the planning and correct application of sealing techniques by dental students. (AU)

Manejo estomatológico del paciente con osteogénesis imperfecta: presentación de un caso / Dentistry handling patient with osteogenesis imperfecta. Report of a case

La osteogénesis imperfecta es un desorden hereditario que comprende unamplio espectro de presentaciones fenotípicas cuya principal característicaes la fragilidad ósea. La dentinogénesis imperfecta es un trastorno de origen hereditario en el desarrollo de la dentina, cuya incidencia se estimaen alrededor de 1:8,000. Objetivo: Implementar un abordaje estomatoló-gico con enfoque en nuevas tendencias rehabilitadoras y preventivas entratamientos para pacientes con dentinogénesis imperfecta. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de tres años de edad que acude al Servicio de Estomatología del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, diagnosticado con osteogénesis imperfecta tipo IV. Se observan las coronas con coloración ámbar generalizada, atrición y pérdida de la estructura dentaria por caries en diversos órganos dentarios. Se realiza la rehabilitación bucal bajo anestesia general, restaurando los dientes afectados con coronas de acero cromoy colocando selladores de fosetas y fi suras en molares con esmalte íntegro así como fluoruro en barniz al 5 por ciento. Conclusiones: El tratamientode la dentinogénesis imperfecta depende de la severidad que presente elpaciente. Es esencial dar un seguimiento estrecho, resolviendo de manera oportuna las necesidades que vayan surgiendo con un tratamiento no tan radical como se recomendaba anteriormente.

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disorder that encompasses abroad spectrum of phenotypic presentations whose main characteristicis bone fragility. Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a disorder in developinghereditary dentin whose incidence is estimated to about 1:8,000.Objective: Implement a focused approach dentistry new trends inrehabilitative and preventive treatments for patients with dentinogenesisimperfecta. Case report: Male patient age three who comes toDentistry Service of the National Institute of Pediatrics, diagnosed withosteogenesis imperfecta type IV. Crowns with generalized amber colorobserved oral rehabilitation is performed under general anesthesia,restoring the aff ected teeth with stainless steel crown and placingsealant in the molar pit and fi ssure enamel integral and placementof fl uoride varnish to 5%. Conclusions: Dentinogenesis imperfectatreatment depends on the severity with which the patient presents. Itis very important to closely monitor, timely meeting the needs as theyarise, conducting a treatment not as radical as it was in the beginning.

Caries progression in non-cavitated fissures after infiltrant application: a 3-year follow-up of a randomized controlled clinical trial

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of a conservative treatment to prevent the progression of caries using an infiltrant on non-cavitated pit and fissures. Material and Methods This controlled clinical trial selected 23 volunteers with clinically and radiographically non-cavitated occlusal caries among patients presenting a "rather low" to "very high" caries risk. Eighty-six teeth were randomly divided into two experimental groups: teeth receiving a commercial pit-and-fissure sealant (Alpha Seal-DFL) and contralateral teeth receiving Icon infiltrant (DMG). Caries progression was monitored by clinical (laser fluorescence caries detection) and radiographic examination at 12-month intervals over a period of 3 years of monitored caries progression. Probing the sealing materials to detect areas of retention was also used to evaluate marginal integrity. Results Statistical analysis showed no difference in caries progression using laser fluorescence caries detection when both materials were compared, regardless of the evaluation times (p>0.05). No significance was observed when the marginal sealant integrity of both materials was compared, regardless of the evaluation time (p<0.05). Marginal integrity significantly reduced after 1 year for both materials (p<0.05), but remained stable after 2 and 3 years of evaluation, compared with 1-year results (p>0.05). SEM analysis exhibited a more homogeneous sealing for the infiltrant than obtained by the sealant. Conclusions The infiltrant was effective to prevent the caries progression in non-cavitated pit-and-fissures after 3 years of clinical evaluation, comparable with the conventional sealant. The infiltrant also presented better results in terms of caries progression at the 3-year evaluation time using the radiographic analysis.

A randomized clinical trial on the sealing of occlusal carious lesions: 3-4-year results

Abstract This randomized clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy of sealing occlusal carious lesions in permanent teeth. The sample consisted of 54 occlusal carious lesions in permanent molars and premolars of 49 patients aged 8–43 years (median: 19 years). The inclusion criteria comprised the presence of a cavity with no access allowing biofilm control. The maximum depth of the lesion was the middle third of the dentin thickness, as assessed by bitewing radiography. The teeth were randomly assigned to sealant treatment (n = 28) or restorative treatment (n = 26). Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed after 1 year and after 3–4 years. The outcomes depended on the clinical performance of the sealant/restoration and the control of caries progression observed radiographically. Survival analysis was performed to assess success rates. Over the 3-4 years of monitoring, 2 sealants were totally lost, 1 needed repair, and 1 showed caries progression, totaling 4 failures in the sealant group. In the restoration group, 1 failure was observed (in need of repair). The success rates were 76% and 94% in the sealant and the restoration groups, respectively (p > 0.05). The sealing of occlusal carious lesions in permanent teeth succeeded in controlling caries over a 3–4-year period. However, sealed carious lesions require patient compliance in attending regular follow-ups to control the occurrence of clinical failures of the sealants.

Survival of sealants in molars affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization: 18-month follow-up

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical survival of sealants applied in first permanent molars (FPMs) affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH), at 18 months of follow-up. Forty-one first permanent molars were selected from 21 children, 6–8 years of age. MIH was classified by one calibrated examiner (kappa = 0.80) according to EAPD criteria. The inclusion criteria were fully erupted FPMs with MIH or sound FPMs (without MIH) for which sealant treatment was indicated. The FPMs were assigned to two groups: CG (control group) and HG (MIH group). Both groups were treated with sealant (FluroShield). Clinical follow-up was performed from baseline to 18 months to assess anatomical form, marginal adaptation, retention and presence of caries, according to criteria set by the United States Public Health Service-Modified, and was conducted by a blinded examiner (kappa = 0.80). The actuarial method was used to evaluate the survival of the sealants. The survival rates for the groups were compared using Fisher’s exact test (α = 5%). The cumulative survival rates were 81% at 1 month, 68.8% at 6 months, 68.8% at 12 months, and 62.6% at 18 months for CG, and 88% at 1 month, 84% at 6 months, 76% at 12 months, and 72% at 18 months for HG. No significant difference was found between the groups. The sealants in molars affected by MIH presented a survival rate similar to the sealants in the control, suggesting that sealants may be an adequate approach for preventing carious lesions in MIH-affected molars.

3-year survival rates of retained composite resin and ART sealants using two assessment criteria

Abstract The aim was to test the null-hypothesis that there is no difference in the cumulative survival rate of retained composite resin (CR) sealants and a high-viscosity glass-ionomer Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) sealant in first permanent molars calculated according to the traditional and the modified retention assessment criteria over a period of 3 years. This cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial consisted of 123 schoolchildren, 6–7-years-old. At baseline, high-caries risk pits and fissures of fully erupted first permanent molars were treated with CR and ART sealants. Evaluations were performed after 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 years. Retention was scored for free-smooth surface and for each of three sections into which the occlusal surface had been divided. The modified criterion differed from the traditional in that it determined an occlusal sealant to be a failure when at least one section contained no visible sealant material. Data were analysed according to the PHREG model with frailty correction, Wald-test, ANOVA and t-test, using the Jackknife procedure. The cumulative survival rates for retained CR and ART sealants in free-smooth and occlusal surfaces for both criteria were not statistically significantly different over the 3 years. A higher percentage of retained CR sealants on occlusal surfaces was observed at longer evaluations. Cumulative survival rates were statistically significantly lower for the modified criterion in comparison to the traditional. The modified retention assessment criterion should be used in future sealant-retention studies.

Selamento de lesão de cárie em metade externa de dentina em molar decíduo ­ relato de caso clínico com proservação de 12 meses / Caries lesion sealing in outer dentin half in primary molars ­ a case report with 12-month follow-up

Introdução: A paralisação de lesões de cárie em metade externa de dentina é feita por meio de tratamentos conservadores. Objetivos: Relatar um caso clínico de um dente decíduo com lesão de cárie oclusal com pequena abertura e envolvimento dentinário radiograficamente restrito à metade externa de dentina; lesão controlada pela aplicação de um selante resinoso. Métodos: O selamento da superfície foi feito com o selante Fluoroshield aplicado com auxílio de uma sonda exploradora após condicionamento ácido da superfície. Resultados: As reavaliações foram feitas clínica e radiograficamente por 12 meses, sendo analisada a integridade do material e a estabilização da lesão de cárie. Após um ano, a integridade do selante e a não evolução radiográfica da lesão favoreceram um bom prognóstico ao caso. Conclusão: O selamento, desde que controlado periodicamente, atua de modo positivo na paralisação das lesões, podendo ser considerado como uma alternativa conservadora ao tratamento restaurador convencional.

Introduction: Caries lesion cessation in outer dentin half is through conservative treatments. Objectives: To show a case report of a primary tooth with occlusal caries lesion with small opening and dentin involvement restricted to the outer dentin half, which has been controlled through application of a resin-based sealant. Methods: The surface sealing was performed with Fluoroshield sealant applied with aid of an exploratory probe following the acid etching the surface. Results: The reevaluations were carried out both clinically and radiographically for a period of 12 months, with analyses of the material's integrity and of the stabilization of the caries lesions. One year later, the integrity of the sealant and the radiographic evidence showing absence of any evolution of the lesion signaled a good prognosis for this case. Conclusion: The sealing, since periodically controlled, act positively in stopping the lesions, which may be considered as a conservative alternative to conventional restorative treatment.

Retenção do selante ionomérico em molares na fase de irrupção na primeira infância / Ionomers sealants retention in teeth molars in irruption in early childhood

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a retenção do cimento de ionômero de vidro, Vitro Molar®, como selante de fóssulas e fissuras em molares decíduos em irrupção. As crianças incluídas tinham de 1 a 3 anos de idade e pertenciam ao “Projeto Primeiro Sorriso” na cidade São Luiz do Paraitinga/SP. Na amostra (n=20), realizada por um pesquisador calibrado, foi feita profilaxia prévia com pasta profilática e escova Robinson, isolamento relativo, condicionamento com ácido poliacrílico 25% durante 10 segundos, feito enxágue e secagem com papel absorvente, inserção do material ao longo das fóssulas e fissuras com auxílio de espátula de inserção, aguardo da perda do aspecto brilhante do material, e pressão digital com vaselina. A avaliação da retenção dos selantes foi realizada por meio do Sistema de Avaliação de Selantes CCC; no qual foi realizado exame clínico por outro pesquisador cego calibrado e os dentes foram codificados em 4 escores: escore 0- selante presente em toda o sistema de fissuras; escore 1- selante presente em mais de 50% do sistema de fissuras; escore 2- selante presente em menos de 50% do sistema de fissuras; escore 3- selante ausente. O intervalo de acompanhamento foi de 3 e 6 meses. Após 3 meses de acompanhamento, foi visto que 86% dos casos apresentou ausência do material; e após 6 meses, 100% dos casos havia ausência do material. A partir daí, foi concluído que a retenção do selamento com ionômero de vidro da superfície oclusal de molares decíduos foi baixa...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the retention of glass ionomer cement, Vitro Molar ®, as pits and fissures sealant in primary molars erupting. The children included were 1-3 years old and belonged to the “Project First Smile” in the city of São Luiz Paraitinga-SP. The sample (n = 20) performed by a calibrated researcher, prior prophylaxis was done with prophylactic paste and brush Robinson, relative isolation, etching with 25% polyacrylic acid for 10 seconds, made rinsing and drying with tissue paper, the material entering the Over the pits and fissures with insertion spatula aid, pending the loss of bright material aspect, and digital pressure with Vaseline. The evaluation of retention of sealants was carried out through the CCC Sealant Evaluation System; which underwent clinical examination by the blind researcher calibrated and teeth were coded on 4 scores: score 0- this sealant in all the cracks system; This sealant 1- score by more than 50% of the cracking system; This sealant 2- score less than 50% of the cracking system; score 3 missing sealant. The follow-up interval was 3 and 6 months. After 3 months of follow up, it was seen that 86% of the cases presented absence of the material; and after 6 months, 100% there was lack of material. From there, it was concluded that the retention of the seal with glass ionomer of the occlusal surface of molars was low...

Métodos preventivos em primeiro molar permanente de crianças com experiência de cárie dentária: estudo clínico comparativo / Preventive methods in permanent first molars of children with caries experience: clinical comparative study

É na infância que os dentes, em geral, são mais vulneráveis, estando mais susceptíveis a contrair cárie dentária, especialmente no período de irrupção, momento em que o elemento dental se encontra em infra oclusão, o que favorece o acúmulo de placa e dificulta sua adequada higienização. Soma-se ainda a pouca habilidade da criança em executar as manobras de uma adequada escovação dentária. O primeiro molar permanente em irrupção, além destes fatores de susceptibilidade citados, é por excelência um nicho de colonização de microrganismo pela sua anatomia oclusal, fato que torna este período de alto risco para o surgimento de novas lesões de cárie dentária. Portanto, partindo da premissa que molares permanente em fase de irrupção, de criança com experiência de cárie dentária, são mais susceptíveis a adquirir a doença, o objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar três métodos preventivos da ocorrência de lesão cariosa neste dente. Participaram do estudo 242 crianças (968 molares), de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 6 a 8 anos, com experiência de cárie dentária, apresentando os quatros primeiros molares permanentes hígidos em fase de irrupção. As crianças foram divididas aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo com 81 crianças, cujo os 324 molares receberam aplicação única de selante de fossas e fissuras à base de ionômero de vidro (SIV), grupo com 83 crianças (332 molares), com aplicação de verniz fluoretado (VF) em 3 sessões (0, 6 e 12 meses) e grupo com 78 crianças, 312 molares que receberam profilaxia profissional (PP) em 6 sessões (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 meses). A avaliação clínica pós-operatória foi realizada após 6, 12 e 18 meses, para os pacientes dos três grupos. Quanto ao efeito preventivo o SIV, o VF e a PP apresentaram resultados diferentes, aos 6 meses (99,5%, 96% e 98%), aos 12 meses (99,5%, 96% e 96%) e aos 18 meses (99%, 99,5% e 95%), respectivamente. A lesão cariosa ocorreu em 1, 11 e 5 molares (0,5%, 4% e 2% ) aos 6 meses; 1, 8 e 10 molares...

It is in childhood that the teeth in general, are more vulnerable, are more susceptible to getting tooth decay, especially in the outbreak period, hampering their proper hygiene. Also, it is added to the little child’s ability to perform the maneuvers of proper tooth brushing. The first permanent molar eruption, in addition to cited susceptibility factors, is par excellence a microorganism colonization niche because of its occlusal anatomy, a fact that makes of this period highly risky for the emergence of new lesions of dental caries. Therefore, based on the premise that children with caries experience in the permanent molar eruption phase are more likely to acquire the disease, the goal of this study was to compare three preventive methods of occurrence of carious lesions in the tooth. The study included 242 children (968 molars), of both genders, aged 6-8 years, with caries experience, with the four first permanent molars at the erupting phase. The children were randomly divided into three groups: a group of 81 children, whose 324 molar received a single application of pit and fissure sealant made on the basis of glass ionomer (GIS), a group of 83 children (332 molars), with coating application of fluoride varnish (FV) in 3 sessions (0, 6 and 12 months) and a group of 78 children (312 molars) who received professional prophylaxis (PP) in 6 sessions (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months). Patients were clinically evaluated after 6, 12 and 18 months, patients in the three groups. As for the preventive effect the GIS, FV and PP showed different results at 6 months (99.5%, 96% and 98%), at 12 months (99.5%, 96% and 96%) and at 18 months (99%, 99.5% and 95%), respectively. The carious lesion occurred in 1, 11 and 5 molars (0.5%, 4% and 2%) at 6 months; 1, 8 and 10 molars (0.5%, 4% and 4%) at 12 months; 3, 9 and 1 (1%, 0.5%, 5%) at 18 months for the groups GIS, FV and PP, respectively. It was concluded that in children with caries experience the best results for their...

Ex vivo microleakage comparison between glass ionomers used as pit and fissure sealants / Comparación in vitro de filtración marginal entre ionómeros vítreos selladores

El objetivo del trabajo fue comparar la eficacia como sellador de dos ionómeros vítreos. Se emplearon 30 premolares sanos extraídos por razones ortodóncicas. Se dividieron en dos grupos iguales (n=15) .Grupo I: Fuji VII y Grupo II: Fuji IX. Los dientes, fueron conservados en saliva artificial (NAF) durante 10 días. Luego, fueron termociclados (250 ciclos) a 5ºC, 37ºC y60ºC. Posteriormente se sumergieron en violeta de genciana durante 24 hs. Una vez lavadas las muestras se seccionaron y evaluaron con el criterio de Williams y Winter, utilizando un microscopio óptico (Olympus BX-60M) para valorar la penetración del colorante. Los grados obtenidos para cada grupo fueron: en Grupo I (Fuji VII), Grado 1, 1 muestra y Grado3, 14 muestras (Media 2,87, Mediana 3 y SD 0.52). En el Grupo II (Fuji IX) los grados se distribuyeron así: Grado 0, 4 muestras, Grado 1, 3 muestras, Grado 2, 2 muestras y Grado 3, 6 muestras.(Media 1.67, Mediana 2 y SD 1.29). La Prueba exacta de Fisher (p=0,006) demostró diferencias estadísticamente significativa entre materiales. Se concluyó que el mejor sellado marginal fue obtenido utilizando el material Fuji IX comparado con Fuji VII cuando es utilizado como sellador.

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the marginalmicroleakage of two glass ionomer materials used as pit andfissure sealants. Thirty healthy premolars extracted fororthodontic treatment were randomly assigned to two groups(n=15) and respectively sealed with two glass ionomers (Group I,Fuji VII and Group II, Fuji IX). All teeth were preserved inartificial saliva (NAF) for 10 days, thermocycled (250 cycles; 5ºC,37ºC and 60ºC), isolated, and immersed in 2% alcohol gentianviolet blue solution for 24 h. After washing, teeth were included inacrylic resin and sectioned longitudinally in a bucco-lingualdirection with a Struers-Minitom cutting device. Samples wereanalyzed for leakage using an optical microscope (Olympus BX-60M). TheWilliams and Winter semi-quantitative ranked scale wasused to score dye penetration. In Group I the grades weredistributed as follows: Grade 1, 1 sample and Grade 3, 14 samples(Mean 2.87 Median 3, SD 0.52). In Group II: Grade 0: 4 samples,Grade 1, 3 samples, Grade 2, 2 samples and Grade 3, 6 samples(Mean 1.67, Median 2, SD 1.29). Fisher’s exact test showedstatistically significant differences between materials (p=0.006).From these results, we conclude that Fuji IX had better marginalsealing than Fuji VII when used as a pit and fissure sealant.

Low-cost glass ionomer cement as ART sealant in permanent molars: a randomized clinical trial

Clinical trials are normally performed with well-known brands of glass ionomer cement (GIC), but the cost of these materials is high for public healthcare in less-affluent communities. Given the need to research cheaper materials, it seems pertinent to investigate the retention rate of a low-cost GIC applied as atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) sealants in two centers in Brazil. Four hundred and thirty-seven 6-to-8-year-old schoolchildren were selected in two cities in Brazil. The children were randomly divided into two groups, according to the tested GIC applied in the first permanent molars. The retention rate was evaluated after 3, 6 and 12 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test were performed. The variables were tested for association with sealant longevity, using logistic regression analyses (α = 5%). The retention rate of sealants after 12 months was 19.1%. The high-cost GIC brand presented a 2-fold-more-likely-to-survive rate than the low-cost brand (p < 0.001). Significant difference was also found between the cities where the treatments were performed, in that Barueri presented a higher sealant survival rate than Recife (p < 0.001). The retention rate of a low-cost GIC sealant brand was markedly lower than that of a well-known GIC sealant brand.

Carie dentaria e necessidades de tratamento em adolescentes paulistas / Caries dentaria y necesidades de tratamiento en adolescentes paulistas / Dental caries and treatment needs in adolescents from the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de cárie dentária e necessidades de tratamento em crianças de 12 anos e adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com base nos resultados dos levantamentos epidemiológicos Condições de Saúde Bucal no Estado de São Paulo em 2002 e Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal (SBBrasil) 2010. Foram analisados os dados secundários de 5.782 crianças (2002) de 12 anos e outras 369 (2010); e para a faixa de 15 a 19 anos foram analisados 880 jovens (2002) e 300 jovens em 2010. A experiência de cárie foi avaliada pelo índice CPOD (dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados) e foram verificadas as necessidades de tratamento odontológico segundo os critérios propostos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. O índice Significant Caries Index foi empregado para medir a severidade da cárie no terço do grupo que apresentou maior prevalência da doença. Para a análise dos resultados utilizaram-se os testes de Qui-quadrado e Mann-Whitney, com nível de 5% de significância. RESULTADOS: Houve diminuição de 39,3 pontos percentuais no índice CPOD aos 12 anos (p < 0,001) e de 41,1 pontos percentuais nos adolescentes (p < 0,001) entre 2002 e 2010, e aumento de aproximadamente 161,0 pontos percentuais e 303,0 pontos percentuais no grupo livres de cárie, respectivamente. A porcentagem de dentes restaurados diminuiu nos dois grupos etários, mas a prevalência de dentes cariados não se alterou para o grupo de alta experiência de cárie. No grupo de baixa experiência de cárie ocorreu diminuição do componente perdido para os adolescentes e aumento do componente cariado aos 12 anos e adolescentes. Houve aumento da necessidade de tratamento endodôntico no grupo total e no de alta experiência de cárie aos 12 anos; e entre os adolescentes ...

OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de caries dentaria y necesidades de tratamiento en niños de 12 años y adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con base en los resultados de las pesquisas epidemiológicas de las Condiciones de Salud Bucal en el Estado de Sao Paulo en 2002 y Proyecto SBBrasil2010. Se analizaron los datos secundarios de 5.782 niños (2002) de 12 años y 369 (2010); y para el grupo etario de 15 a 19 años se analizaron 880 jóvenes (2002) y 300 jóvenes en 2010. La experiencia de caries fue evaluada por el índice CPOD (dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados) y se verificaron las necesidades de tratamiento odontológico según los criterios propuestos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. El índice Significant Caries Index fue empleado para medir la severidad de la caries en el tercio del grupo que presentó mayor prevalencia de la enfermedad. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizaron las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado y Mann-Whitney, con nivel de 5% de significancia. RESULTADOS: Hubo disminución de 39,3 puntos porcentuales en el índice CPOD a los 12 años (p<0,001) y de 41,1 puntos porcentuales en los adolescentes (p<0,001) entre 2002 y 2010 y aumento de aproximadamente 161,0 puntos porcentuales y 303,0 puntos porcentuales en el grupo libres de caries, respectivamente. El porcentaje de dientes restaurados disminuyó en los dos grupos etarios, pero la prevalencia de dientes cariados no se alteró para el grupo con alta experiencia de caries. En el grupo con baja experiencia de caries ocurrió disminución del componente perdido para los adolescentes y aumento del componente cariado para los de 12 años y adolescentes. Hubo aumento de la necesidad de tratamiento endodóntico en el grupo total y en el de alta experiencia de caries a los 12 años; y entre los adolescentes la necesidad de restauración ...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs in 12-year-olds and adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional study based on results from the epidemiological surveys: Oral Health Conditions in the State of Sao Paulo, 2002 and the Brazilian Oral Health Survey (SBBrasil) 2010. Secondary data for 5,782 (2002) and 369 (2010) 12-year-olds and 880 (2002) and 300 (2010) 15- to 19-year-olds were analyzed. Dental caries attack was evaluated using the DMFT (decayed, missing or filled teeth) index and the need for treatment verified using the criteria proposed by the World Health Organization. The Significant Caries Index was used to measure the severity of the decay in the tercile of the group with the highest prevalence of the disease. In order to analyze the results, the Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney tests were used, with a 5% significance. RESULTS: There was a decrease of 39.3 percentage points in the DMFT index for 12-year-olds (p < 0.001) and of 41.1 percentage points for the adolescents (p < 0.001) between 2002 and 2010, and an increase of around 161.0 and 303.0 percentage in the group which was free from dental caries respectively. The percentage of restored teeth decreased in both age groups, although the prevalence of dental caries did not change in the group more affected by dental caries. In the group with few dental caries, there was a decrease in the component ‘tooth loss’ for adolescents and increase in the component ‘decayed teeth’ for the 12-years-old and the adolescents. There was an increase in the need for dental treatment in the group as a whole and in the group of 12-year-olds more affected by dental caries; and among the adolescents, the need for restoration on two or more surface decreased in the group as a whole and also in the group which suffered least from dental caries. CONCLUSIONS: The decreasing need for non-complex treatment in adolescents suggests that promotion ...